Ndedzipi mhuka dzinogara munharaunda yeAntarctica yakasarudzika?
Snowy, kutonhora uye kusagarika. Vakanyanya kuoma chete ndivo vanorarama munzvimbo iyi umo chikafu chinoita sechishoma. Asi Antarctica zvechokwadi inovenga hupenyu sezvainotanga kuita? Mhinduro ndihongu uye kwete panguva imwe chete. Panyika panenge pasina chikafu uye nzvimbo shoma dzisina aizi. Nyika yekondinendi yeAntarctic yakasurukirwa uye haiwanzoshanyirwa nezvisikwa zvipenyu.
Mhenderekedzo, kune rumwe rutivi, ndeyemhuka dzeAntarctica uye inogarwa nemhando zhinji dzemhuka: shiri dzegungwa dendere, marudzi akasiyana-siyana emapenguin anosimudza vana vawo uye zvisimbiso zvinobhururuka pachando. Gungwa rinopa zvokudya zvakawanda. Nyeredzi, zvisimbiso, shiri, hove uye squid zvinodya zvinosvika matani mazana maviri nemakumi mashanu eAntarctic krill gore rega rega. Chiyero chisingafungidzike chekudya. Saka hazvishamisi kuti Antarctica inogarwa zvakanyanya nemhuka dzemugungwa neshiri dzegungwa. Vamwe vanoenda panyika kwechinguva, asi vose vakasungirirwa kumvura. Mvura yeAntarctic pachayo yakapfuma zvinoshamisa mumarudzi: anopfuura zviuru zvisere mhuka dzemhuka dzinozivikanwa.
Weddell chisimbiso uye fur chisimbiso pamberi peiyo glacier kumucheto muAntarctica.
Shiri, mhuka dzinoyamwisa uye vamwe vagari veAntarctica
Shiri dzeAntarctica
mhuka dzemugungwa dzeAntarctica
Pasi pemvura Nyika yeAntarctica
Nyika Mhuka dzeAntarctica
Antarctic mhuka dzesango
- Ndedzipi mhuka dzisingagari muAntarctica?
- Mhuka zhinji dzinogara kupi muAntarctica?
- Kugadziriswa kuhupenyu muAntarctica
- Kunyangwe muAntarctica mune zvipembenene
Mhuka dzeAntarctica
Iwe unogona kuwana rumwe ruzivo nezve mhuka uye mhuka dzesango dzakatenderedza Antarctica mune zvinyorwa Penguin dzeAntarctica, Antarctic seals, Mhuka dzemusango dzeSouth Georgia uye mukati Antarctica & South Georgia Travel Guide.
mhuka • Antarctic • Antarctic rwendo • Mhuka dzeAntarctica
The heraldic mhuka: penguins of Antarctica
Paunofunga nezvemhuka dzesango dzeAntarctic, chinhu chekutanga chinouya mupfungwa mapenguin. Ndivo chiratidzo chenyika chena inoshamisa, mhuka dzakajairwa dzeAntarctica. Emperor penguin ingangove imhando yemhuka inonyanya kuzivikanwa mukondinendi yeAntarctic uye ndiyo yega mhuka inobereka zvakananga paaizi. Zvisinei, nzvimbo dzayo dzokuberekesa dzakaoma zvikuru kuwana. Adelie penguin anowanikwawo kuAntarctica, asi anoberekera pedyo nemahombekombe uye saka ari nyore kuona. Vanogona kunge vasina kukura sehama yavo inosanozivikanwa, asi vanongogunzva. Vanoda mitsetse yemahombekombe isina aizi ine mazaya echando akawanda. Emperor penguin uye Adelie penguin vanoda chaizvo ice uye ndivo chete vanobereka pachikamu chikuru cheAntarctic continent.
Chinstrap penguin uye gentoo penguin dzinobereka paAntarctic Peninsula. Uyezve, boka regolden-crested penguin rinoshumwa, iro zvakare rinogara pane peninsula. Saka kune marudzi mashanu emapenguin mukondinendi yeAntarctic. King penguin haina kubatanidzwa, sezvo inongouya kuzovhima pamhenderekedzo yeAntarctica munguva yechando. Nzvimbo yayo yekuberekesa ndiyo sub-Antarctic, semuenzaniso sub-Antarctic chitsuwa South Georgia. Rockhopper penguin anogarawo muAntarctica, asi kwete paAntarctic kondinendi.
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- Emperor penguins (Aptenodytes forsteri) ane nhiyo muAntarctica.
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- Adelie penguins (Pygoscelis adeliae) muAntarctica ane mapundu echando
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- Chinstrap penguin ichiita muromo wakajairwa.
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- Gentoo penguins muchando cheAntarctic Sound
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- King penguin mufananidzo (Aptenodytes patagonicus) mu subantarctica.
mhuka • Antarctic • Antarctic rwendo • Mhuka dzeAntarctica
Dzimwe shiri dzegungwa dzeAntarctica
Sekureva kweFederal Environment Agency, dzimwe shiri dzinosvika makumi maviri neshanu dzinogara paAntarctic Peninsula, kuwedzera kune mapenguin akataurwa. Skuas, giant petrels uye white-faced waxbills zvinowanzoitika parwendo rweAntarctic. Vanoda kuba mazai epenguin uye zvinogona kuva nengozi kumanhiyo. Shiri huru uye ine mukurumbira ndiyo albatross. Mhando dzinoverengeka dzeshiri dzinoyevedza idzi dzinowanikwa munzvimbo dzakatenderedza Antarctica. Uye kunyange mhando yekoriori yakawana imba yayo muCold South.
Mhando nhatu dzeshiri dzakatoonekwa kuSouth Pole pachayo: snow petrel, Antarctic petrel uye rudzi rwe skua. Saka vanogona kunzi mhuka dzeAntarctica zvakachengeteka. Hakuna mapenguin ikoko nekuti South Pole iri kure zvakanyanya negungwa rinopa hupenyu. Emperor penguin nechando petrel ndidzo chete mhuka dzine vertebrate dzinogara mukati meAntarctica kwenguva yakareba. Emperor penguin inoberekera paaizi yegungwa yakasimba kana chando chemukati menyika, kusvika makiromita mazana maviri kubva mugungwa. Snow petrel inokandira mazai ayo panhongonya dzemakomo dzisina aizi uye inosvika makiromita zana mukati menyika kuti idaro. The arctic tern ine chimwe chinyorwa: inobhururuka makiromita anosvika 200 100 pagore, zvichiita kuti ive shiri inotama ine chinhambwe chakareba kwazvo chokubhururuka munyika. Inoberekera muGreenland yobva yabhururuka kuenda kuAntarctica yodzoka zvakare.
mhuka • Antarctic • Antarctic rwendo • Mhuka dzeAntarctica
Antarctic seal mhando
Mhuri yembwa chisimbiso inomiririrwa nemhando dzinoverengeka muAntarctica: Weddell seals, ingwe seals, crabeater seals uye isingawanzo dhiri Ross chisimbiso mhuka dzakajairwa dzeAntarctica. Dzinovhima pamhenderekedzo yeAntarctic uye dzinoberekera vana vadzo muchando. Maodzanyemba enzou seal anoyevedza imbwawo zvisimbiso. Ndivo zvisimbiso zvakakura kwazvo pasi rose. Kunyangwe ivo vari vagari venzvimbo ye subarctic, ivo vanowanikwawo mumvura yeAntarctic.
Antarctic fur seal imhando ye eared seal. Inonyanya kuve pamba pazvitsuwa zveAntarctic. Asi dzimwe nguva anenge ariwo muenzi pamahombekombe ekondinendi chena. Iyo Antarctic fur seal inozivikanwawo se fur seal.
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- Kuzorora Weddell chisimbiso muAntarctic ice.
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- Leopard seal (Hydrurga leptonyx) yakashama muromo.
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- Fur Seal yakamira padombo ine chando nechekumashure.
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- Mukomana wechidiki nzou chisimbiso mu subantarctica.
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- Leopard seal portrait (Hydrurga leptonyx) muAntarctica.
mhuka • Antarctic • Antarctic rwendo • Mhuka dzeAntarctica
Whales muAntarctica
Kunze kwezvisimbiso, mawhale ndiwo chete mhuka dzinoyamwisa dzinowanikwa muAntarctica. Vanodya mumvura yeAntarctic, vachitora mukana wetafura yekudyisa yakawanda yenharaunda. Federal Environment Agency inotaura kuti 14 whale marudzi anowanikwa nguva dzose muSouthern Ocean. Izvi zvinosanganisira zvose baleen whales (semuenzaniso humpback, fin, blue uye minke whales) uye mazino whales (e.g. orcas, sperm whales uye marudzi akasiyana-siyana emadolphin). Nguva yakanakisisa yekuona whale muAntarctica ndiFebruary naMarch.
mhuka • Antarctic • Antarctic rwendo • Mhuka dzeAntarctica
Pasi pemvura zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana zveAntarctica
Uye neimwe nzira? Antarctica ine zvipenyu zvakawanda kupfuura zvaunofunga. Penguin, shiri dzegungwa, zvisimbiso uye whales ingori muromo wechando. Zvipenyu zvakawanda zveAntarctica zviri pasi pemvura. Anosvika mazana maviri emhando dzehove, hombe biomass yecrustaceans, makumi manomwe ecephalopods uye zvimwe zvisikwa zvemugungwa zvakaita se echinoderms, cnidarians uye sponges.
Nekure inozivikanwa zvikuru Antarctic cephalopod ndiyo hofori squid. Ndiyo hombe mollusk munyika. Nekudaro, nekure iyo inonyanya kukosha mhuka muAntarctic pasi pemvura pasi penyika iAntarctic krill. Aya mashrimp-akafanana nemakanje madiki anoumba mapush makuru uye ndiwo musimboti wekudya kwemhuka zhinji dzeAntarctic. Kune zvakare starfish, urchins yegungwa uye magaka egungwa munzvimbo inotonhora. Cnidarian kusiyana-siyana kubva kuhombe jellyfish ine mita-kureba matende kusvika kune madiki-anoumba hupenyu mafomu anoumba makorari. Uye kunyange chisikwa chekare pasi rose chinogara munzvimbo iyi inoita kunge ine ruvengo: hofori sponge Anoxycalyx joubini inonzi inosvika zera remakore anosvika zviuru gumi. Pachine zvakawanda zvekutsvaga. Nyanzvi dzezvipenyu zvemugungwa dzichiri kunyora zvisikwa zvakawanda zvisina kuongororwa zvihombe nezvidiki munyika ine aizi yepasi pemvura.
mhuka • Antarctic • Antarctic rwendo • Mhuka dzeAntarctica
Nyika Mhuka dzeAntarctica
Penguin uye zvisimbiso mhuka dzemumvura netsanangudzo. Uye shiri dzemugungwa dzinokwanisa kubhururuka dzinogara kunyanya pamusoro pegungwa. Saka, kune mhuka muAntarctica dzinogara panyika chete? Hongu, chipembenene chaicho. Umhutu husina mapapiro hweBelgica antarctica hwakajairana nemamiriro ezvinhu epasi rinotonhora reAntarctica. Kadikidiki kayo kejenome kari kukonzera manyawi mumasainzi, asi chipembenene ichi chine zvakawanda zvekupa nedzimwe nzira zvakare. Sub-zero tembiricha, kusanaya kwemvura uye mvura yemunyu - hapana dambudziko zvachose. Umhutu hunobudisa mushonga une simba wokudzivisa kutonhora uye hunogona kurarama nokupera mvura mumuviri inosvika 70 muzana yemvura yomuviri wahwo. Inorarama segonye kwemakore maviri mukati uye muchando. Inodya algae, mabhakitiriya uye penguin droppings. Chipembenene chakura chine mazuva gumi ekusangana uye kukandira mazai chisati chafa.
Umhutu hudiki uhu husingabhururuke hune rekodhi senzvimbo huru kwazvo inogara mukondinendi yeAntarctic. Zvikasadaro kune mamwe ma microorganisms muvhu reAntarctic, senge nematodes, mite uye springtails. Microcosm yakapfuma inogona kuwanikwa kunyanya uko ivhu rakaiswa fetiraiza nedota reshiri.
mhuka • Antarctic • Antarctic rwendo • Mhuka dzeAntarctica
Rumwe ruzivo runonakidza nezvenyika yemhuka muAntarctica
Ndezvipi mhuka dziripo kwete muAntarctica?
MuAntarctica hamuna mhuka dzinoyamwisa, hamuna zvinokambaira uye hamuna mhuka dzinorarama panyika. Hapana zvikara panyika, saka mhuka dzesango dzeAntarctica dzakazorora zvisingaite nezvevashanyi. Ehezve hakuna mapere emuAntarctica, vavhimi vanotyisa ava vanongowanikwa muArctic. Saka mapenguin nemapolar bears haambosangana muzvisikwa.
Mhuka zhinji dzinogara kupi muAntarctica?
Mhuka zhinji dzinogara muSouthern Ocean, i.e. mumvura yeAntarctic yakatenderedza Antarctica. Asi ndepapi paAntarctic kondinendi pane mhuka dzakawanda? Pamahombekombe. Uye zvipi? Makomo eVestfold, semuenzaniso, inzvimbo isina aizi muEast Antarctica. Maodzanyemba nzou zvisimbiso vanofarira kushanyira nharaunda yavo yemahombekombe uye Adelie penguin inoshandisa nzvimbo isina aizi pakuberekesa. the Antarctic Peninsula kumucheto kweWest Antarctica, zvisinei, kunogara mhuka dzakawanda kwazvo mukondinendi yeAntarctic.
Kune zvakare akawanda Antarctic uye sub-Antarctic zvitsuwa zvakatenderedza Antarctic landmass. Idzi dzinogarwawo nemwaka nemwaka nemhuka. Mamwe marudzi anotonyanya kuwanda ikoko kupfuura paAntarctic kondinendi pachayo. Mienzaniso yezvitsuwa zvinofadza zveAntarctic ndeiyi: The South Shetland Islands muSouthern Ocean mhuka paradhiso South Georgia uye Zvitsuwa zveSouth Sandwich muAtlantic Ocean, izvo Kerguelen Archipelago muIndia Ocean uye Auckland Islands muPacific Ocean.
Kugadziriswa kuhupenyu muAntarctica
Mapenguin eAntarctic akajairana nehupenyu mukutonhora kuburikidza nezvinhu zvidiki zvakawanda. Semuenzaniso, vane mhando dzeminhenga dzinodzivirira, ganda gobvu, mafuta akawanda, uye tsika yekudzivirirana mumapoka makuru kubva kumhepo kana kuchitonhora kuderedza kupisa kwavo. Tsoka dzepenguin dzinonyanya kunakidza, nekuti kuchinjika kwakakosha mutsinga yeropa kunoita kuti mapenguin achengetedze tembiricha yemuviri wavo kunyangwe tsoka dzinotonhora. Dzidza mu Kugadziriswa kwePenguin kuAntarctica zvakawanda nezvekuti nei penguin inoda tsoka dzinotonhora uye ndeapi manomano zvisikwa zvakauya nazvo izvi.
Zvisimbiso zveAntarctic zvakajairana nehupenyu mumvura ine chando. Muenzaniso wakanaka ndeye Weddell chisimbiso. Anoratidzika kunge akafuta zvisingaite uye ane zvikonzero zvese zvekudaro, nekuti gobvu remafuta inshuwarisi yehupenyu hwake. Iyo inonzi blubber ine simba rekudzivirira uye inoita kuti chisimbiso chikwanise kunyura kwenguva refu mumvura inotonhora yechando yeSouthern Ocean. Izvi zvakakosha nekuti mhuka dzinogara zvakanyanya pasi peaizi kupfuura muaizi. Tsvaga munyaya yacho Antarctic seals, kuti Weddell seals anochengeta sei maburi avo ekufema uye chii chakakosha pamukaka wavo.
Kunyangwe muAntarctica mune zvipembenene
Kunyange muAntarctica kune mhuka dzinorarama nemari yevatenzi vadzo. Somuenzaniso, parasitic roundworms. Makonye anorwisa zvisimbiso ndeemhando yakasiyana neaya anorwisa mawhale, semuenzaniso. Penguin zvakare inotambudzwa nematodes. Crustaceans, squid, uye hove zvinoshanda sepakati kana kutakura mauto.
Ectoparasites inoitikawo. Kune inda dzemhuka dzinoita masikirwo. Zvipembenene izvi zvinofadza zvikuru kubva pakuona kwebiology. Mamwe marudzi ezvisimbiso anogona kunyura kusvika pakadzika 600 metres uye inda dzakakwanisa kuchinjika kuti dzirarame idzi dives. Kubudirira kunoshamisa.
Mhedziso yemhuka dzeAntarctica
5 mhuka dzakafanana neAntarctica
The classic emperor penguin
Iyo yakanaka Adelie penguin
Mbada inogaya chisimbiso
Iyo ultra-fat sora chisimbiso
The white snow petrel
Vertebrates muAntarctica
 Zvinyama zvemumvura | Zvisimbiso: Wedge Seal, Leopard Seal, Crabeater Seal, Southern Elephant Seal, Antarctic Fur Seal Whales: semuenzaniso humpback whale, fin whale, blue whale, minke whale, sperm whale, orca, marudzi akati wandei emadolphin |
 Shiri | penguin: Emperor penguin, Adelie penguin, chinstrap penguin, gentoo penguin, golden-crested penguin (Mambo Penguin uye Rockhopper Penguin muSubantarctica) Dzimwe shiri dzemugungwa: eg petrels, albatrosses, skuas, terns, white-faced waxbill, rudzi rwecormorant |
 hove | Inosvika mazana maviri emarudzi: semuenzaniso hove dzeAntarctic, disc bellies, eelpout, hofori yeAntarctic cod |
Invertebrates muAntarctica
| arthropod | Eg crustaceans: kusanganisira iyo Antarctic krill Eg zvipembenene: zvinosanganisira inda dzechisimbiso uye endemic isina mapapiro mosquito Belgica antarctica eg springtails |
| mollusks | Eg squid: kusanganisira giant squid eg hove |
| echinoderms | semuenzaniso urchins yemugungwa, starfish, magaka emugungwa |
| cnidarians | semuenzaniso jellyfish & makorari |
| honye | eg threadworms |
| Masiponji | semuenzaniso masiponji egirazi kusanganisira chipanje chikuru Anoxycalyx joubini |
Vashanyi vanogona zvakare kuwana Antarctica muchikepe chekufambisa, semuenzaniso pane Mweya weGungwa.
Ongorora humambo hwega hwechando neAGE™ Antarctic Travel Guide.
mhuka • Antarctic • Antarctic rwendo • Mhuka dzeAntarctica
Nakidzwa neAGE™ Image Gallery: Antarctic Biodiversity
(Kuitira kuratidzwa kwakasununguka kwemasiraidhi mune yakazara fomati, ingo dzvanya pane imwe yemifananidzo)
mhuka • Antarctic • Antarctic rwendo • Mhuka dzeAntarctica
Copyrights, zviziviso uye kunobva ruzivo
Ruzivo rwesaiti nechikwata che expedition kubva Poseidon Expeditions pa Cruise ship Sea Spirit, pamwe nezvakaitika pachedu parwendo rwekushanya kubva kuUshuaia kuburikidza neSouth Shetland Islands, Antarctic Peninsula, South Georgia neFalklands kuenda kuBuenos Aires muna Kurume 2022.
Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Center yePolar uye Marine Research (nd), Antarctic shiri hupenyu. Yakadzorerwa musi wa24.05.2022/XNUMX/XNUMX, kubva kuURL: https://www.meereisportal.de/meereiswissen/meereisbiologie/1-meereisbewohner/16-vogelwelt-der-polarregionen/162-vogelwelt-der-antarktis/
dr dr Hilsberg, Sabine (29.03.2008/03.06.2022/XNUMX), Sei mapenguin asingaome netsoka paaizi? Yakadzorerwa musi wa XNUMX/XNUMX/XNUMX, kubva kuURL: https://www.wissenschaft-im-dialog.de/projekte/wieso/artikel/beitrag/warum-frieren-pinguine-mit-ihren-fuessen-nicht-am-eis-fest/
dr Schmidt, Jürgen (28.08.2014/03.06.2022/XNUMX), Inda dzemusoro dzinogona kunyura here? Yakadzorerwa musi wa XNUMX/XNUMX/XNUMX, kubva kuURL: https://www.wissenschaft-im-dialog.de/projekte/wieso/artikel/beitrag/koennen-kopflaeuse-ertrinken/
GEO (oD) Mhuka idzi ndidzo mhuka dzekare parudzi rwadzo Siponji hombe Anoxycalyx joubini. [pamhepo] Yakadzorerwa musi wa25.05.2022/XNUMX/XNUMX, kubva kuURL: https://www.geo.de/natur/tierwelt/riesenschwamm–anoxycalyx-joubini—10-000-jahre_30124070-30166412.html
Handwerk, Brian (07.02.2020/25.05.2022/XNUMX) ngano dzeBipolar: Iko hakuna mapenguin kuSouth Pole. [pamhepo] Yakadzorerwa musi waXNUMX/XNUMX/XNUMX, kubva kuURL: https://www.nationalgeographic.de/tiere/2020/02/bipolare-mythen-am-suedpol-gibts-keine-pinguine
Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf (Kurume 05.03.2007th, 03.06.2022) Kuvhima kweParasite muSouthern Ocean. Marine census inounza miono mitsva. Yakadzorerwa musi wa XNUMX/XNUMX/XNUMX, kubva kuURL: https://www.scinexx.de/news/biowissen/parasitenjagd-im-suedpolarmeer/
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Wikipedia vanyori (05.05.2020/24.05.2022/XNUMX), chando petrel. Yakadzorerwa musi waXNUMX/XNUMX/XNUMX, kubva kuURL: https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schneesturmvogel