Xayawaanka Antarctica

Xayawaankee ayaa ku nool nidaamka deegaanka u gaarka ah ee Antarctica?

Shaabada Weddell iyo shaabad dhogorta ka soo hor jeedda cidhifka barafka ee Antarctica.

Shimbiraha, naasleyda iyo dadka kale ee deggan Antarctica

Tiere • Antarctic • Safarka Antarctic • Xayawaanka Antarctica

Xayawaanka heraldic: Penguins ee Antarctica

Markaad ka fikirto duurjoogta Antarctic, waxa ugu horreeya ee maskaxda ku soo dhaca waa penguins. Waxay calaamad u yihiin adduunka yaabka cad, xayawaanka caadiga ah ee Antarctica. Emperor penguin waxay u badan tahay inuu yahay noocyada ugu caansan ee xayawaanka ee qaaradda Antarctic iyo noocyada kaliya ee si toos ah ugu dhalaa barafka. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, deegaannadeeda taranta ayaa aad u adag in la galo. Adelie penguins ayaa sidoo kale ku badan agagaarka Antarctica, laakiin waxay ku tarmaan meel u dhow xeebta sidaas darteed way fududahay in la ilaaliyo. Waxaa laga yaabaa inaysan u weynaan sida qaraabadooda caanka ah, laakiin sidoo kale way koolkoolinayaan. Waxay door bidaan xariijimo xeebeed aan baraf lahayn oo baraf badan leh. Penguins Emperor iyo Adelie penguins waa kuwa jecel barafka dhabta ah waana kuwa kaliya ee ku taranta qaybta ugu weyn ee qaaradda Antarctic.

Chinstrap penguins iyo gentoo penguins waxay ku dhashaan Jasiiradda Antarctic. Intaa waxaa dheer, gumeysi ka samaysan penguin-ka dahabka ah ayaa la soo sheegay, kaas oo sidoo kale buulal ku yaal jasiiradda. Markaa waxaa jira 5 nooc oo penguin ah oo ku yaal qaarada Antarctic. Boqorka penguin kuma jiro, sababtoo ah waxay timaaddaa oo kaliya inay ugaarsato xeebaha Antarctica xilliga qaboobaha. Meesha ay ku tarantaa waa jasiiradda-Antarctic-ka, tusaale ahaan jasiiradda-Antarctic-ka Koonfurta Georgia. Rockhopper penguins waxay sidoo kale ku nool yihiin sub-Antarctica, laakiin kuma nool yihiin qaaradda Antarctic.

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Tiere • Antarctic • Safarka Antarctic • Xayawaanka Antarctica

Shimbiraha kale ee badda ee Antarctica

Sida laga soo xigtay Wakaaladda Deegaanka ee Federaalka, ku dhawaad ​​​​25 nooc oo shimbiro kale ah ayaa ku nool Jasiiradda Antarctic, marka lagu daro penguins-ka aadka loo xuso. Skuas, batroolka waaweyn iyo biilasha cad ee wejiyada leh ayaa ah indho-indheyn caadi ah oo ku saabsan safarka Antarctica. Waxay jecel yihiin inay xadaan ukumaha penguin waxayna sidoo kale khatar ku noqon karaan chicks-ka. Shimbirka ugu weyn uguna caansan waa albatross. Noocyo dhowr ah oo shimbirahan soo jiidanaya ayaa ka dhaca agagaarka Antarctica. Iyo xitaa nooc ka mid ah cormorant ayaa gurigooda ka helay Koonfurta Qabow.

Saddex nooc oo shimbiro ah ayaa xitaa lagu arkay cirifka koonfureed laftiisa: batroolka barafka, batroolka Antarctic iyo noocyada skua. Markaa si badbaado leh ayaa loogu yeeri karaa xayawaanka Antarctica. Halkaa ma jiraan penguins sababtoo ah cirifka koonfureed aad buu uga fog yahay badda nolosha bixisa. Emperor Penguin iyo petrel barafka waa laf dhabarta kaliya ee dhab ahaantii ku sugnaa gudaha Antarctica muddo dheer. Emperor Penguin wuxuu ku dhashaa barafka adag ee badda ama barafka gudaha, oo ilaa 200 kilomitir u jira badda. Baatroolka barafka waxa uu ukumihiisa dul dhigaa buuraha aan barafku lahayn waxana uu ku dadaalaa in uu 100 kilomitir gudaha u jiro. Arctic Tern waxa uu haystaa rikoodh kale: waxa uu ku duulaa ku dhawaad ​​30.000 kilomitir sannadkii, taas oo ka dhigaysa shimbirta socdaalka ah ee leh masaafada ugu dheer ee duulimaadka adduunka. Waxay ku tarantaa Greenland ka dibna waxay u duushaa Antarctica oo dib ugu soo noqotaa.

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Tiere • Antarctic • Safarka Antarctic • Xayawaanka Antarctica

Noocyada shaabadda Antarctic

Qoyska Eyga Eyga waxaa matalaya dhowr nooc oo Antarctica ah: Shaabada Weddell, shaabadihii shabeelka, shaabadaha crabeater-ka iyo shaabada Ross naadir waa xayawaanka caadiga ah ee Antarctica. Waxay ugaarsadaan xeebta Antarctic waxayna dhallaankooda ku dhalaan qulqulo baraf ah. Xirmooyinka maroodiga koonfurta ee cajiibka ah ayaa sidoo kale ah shaabadihii eyda. Waxay yihiin shaabadihii ugu weynaa adduunka. Inkasta oo ay yihiin dadka caadiga ah ee deggan dhulka hoostiisa, waxay sidoo kale laga helaa biyaha Antarctic.

Shabbada dhogorta Antarctic waa nooc ka mid ah shaabaddii dhegaha. Ugu horrayn waxay ku taal guriga jasiiradaha-Antarctic-ka hoose. Laakiin mararka qaarkood waxa uu sidoo kale marti ku yahay xeebaha qaaradda cadaanka. Shaabadda dhogorta ee Antarctic waxaa sidoo kale loo yaqaannaa shaabaddii dhogorta.

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Tiere • Antarctic • Safarka Antarctic • Xayawaanka Antarctica

Whales ee Antarctica

Marka laga reebo shaabadaha, nibiriyada ayaa ah naasleyda kaliya ee laga helo Antarctica. Waxay ku quudiyaan biyaha Antarctica, iyagoo ka faa'iidaysanaya miiska quudinta badan ee gobolka. Wakaaladda deegaanka ee federaalku waxay sheegtay in 14 nooc oo nibiriga ay si joogto ah uga dhacaan Badweynta Koonfureed. Kuwaas waxaa ka mid ah labada nibiriyada baleen (tusaale, humpback, fin, blue and minke woale) iyo nibiriyada ilka leh (tusaale, orcas, nibiriyada shahwada iyo noocyada kala duwan ee dolphins). Waqtiga ugu fiican ee daawashada nibiriga ee Antarctica waa Febraayo iyo Maarso.

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Tiere • Antarctic • Safarka Antarctic • Xayawaanka Antarctica

Kala duwanaanshaha biyaha hoostooda ee Antarctica

Iyo haddii kale? Antarctica way ka badan tahay noolaha sidaad u malaynayso. Penguins, shimbiraha badeedka, shaabadaha iyo nibiriyada ayaa ah cidhifka barafka. Inta badan kala duwanaanshaha noole ee Antarctica waa biyaha hoostooda. Ilaa 200 oo nooc oo kalluun ah, noole aad u badan oo qolof ah, 70 cephalopods iyo xayawaanno kale oo badda ah sida echinoderms, cnidarians iyo isbuunyo ayaa halkaas ku nool.

Ilaa hadda cephalopod-ka Antarctic-ka ugu caansan ee loo yaqaan 'squid-ka weyn'. Waa mollusk-ka ugu weyn adduunka. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ilaa hadda noocyada xayawaanka ugu muhiimsan ee Antarctic dunida biyaha hoostooda waa Antarctic krill. Cagafyadan yaryar ee u eg shrimp waxay sameeyaan raxan aad u badan waana isha cuntada aasaasiga ah ee xayawaanno badan oo Antarctic ah. Waxa kale oo jira kalluun-xiddigle, urchins badeed iyo qajaar badeed xilliga qaboobaha. Kala duwanaanshiyaha Cnidarian wuxuu u dhexeeyaa jellyfish weyn oo leh teendhooyin mitir ah ilaa qaabab nololeed oo yaryar oo gumaysi samaysa kuwaas oo samaysa shacaab. Xataa noolaha aduunka ugu da'da weyn waxa uu ku noolyahay deegaankan cadawtinimada leh: isbuunyada wayn ee Anoxycalyx joubini ayaa la sheegay in ay gaadho da'da ilaa 10.000 oo sano. Weli wax badan ayaa jira in la ogaado. Cilmi-baadhayaasha bayoolajiga ayaa wali diiwaangelinaya xayawaanno badan oo aan la sahamin oo waaweyn iyo kuwo yaryar oo ku jira adduunka barafaysan ee biyaha hoostooda.

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Tiere • Antarctic • Safarka Antarctic • Xayawaanka Antarctica

Xayawaanka dhulka ee Antarctica

Penguins iyo shaabaduhu waa xayawaan biyood oo qeexan. Shimbiraha badda ee awood u leh inay duulaan waxay inta badan joogaan badda dusheeda. Marka, ma jiraan xayawaan ku nool Antarctica oo kaliya ku nool dhulka? Haa, cayayaan aad u gaar ah. Kaneecada aan baallaha lahayn ee Belgica antarctica waxay la qabsatay xaaladaha ba'an ee adduunka qaboojisan ee Antarctica. Genom-giisa yar waxa uu dareen ku keenaa wareegyada sayniska, laakiin xasharaadkan waxa uu leeyahay waxyaabo badan oo uu ku bixiyo siyaabo kale sidoo kale. Heerkulka eber ka hooseeya, abaarta iyo biyaha milixda - dhib malaha haba yaraatee. Kaneecadu waxay soo saartaa barafka ka hortaga oo awood badan waxayna sidoo kale ka badbaadi kartaa fuuqbaxa ilaa boqolkiiba 70 ee dareeraha jirkeeda. Waxay u nooshahay sida dirxiga ilaa 2 sano gudaha iyo barafka. Waxay quudisaa algae, bakteeriyada iyo xadhkaha penguin. Cayayaanka qaangaarka ah wuxuu haystaa 10 maalmood inuu guursado oo uu ukumo sameeyo ka hor inta uusan dhiman.

Kaneecadan yar ee duullaawayaasha ah ayaa dhab ahaantii haysata rikoodhka ah dhulka ugu weyn ee deganaanshaha joogtada ah ee qaaradda Antarctic. Haddii kale, waxaa jira microorganisms kale oo ku jira ciidda Antarctic, sida nematodes, caarada iyo springtails. Microcosm qani ah ayaa laga heli karaa gaar ahaan halka ay ciidda ku bacrimiyeen xadhkaha shimbiraha.

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Tiere • Antarctic • Safarka Antarctic • Xayawaanka Antarctica

Macluumaad badan oo xiiso leh oo ku saabsan adduunka xayawaanka ee Antarctica

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Maxaa xoolaha jooga ma Antarctica?

Ma jiraan naasleey dhuleed, ma jiraan xamaarato iyo amfibiyayaal gudaha Antarctica. Ma jiraan wax ugaar ah dhulka, sidaa darteed duurjoogta Antarctica ayaa si aan caadi ahayn ugu nastay dadka soo booqda. Dabcan ma jiraan orso daboor ah oo ku yaal Antarctica midkoodna, ugaarsadahan halista ah waxaa laga helaa kaliya Arctic. Markaa penguins iyo orso polar weligood ma kulmi karaan dabeecadda.

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Xagee bay xayawaanka ugu badan ku nool yihiin Antarctica?

Inta badan noocyada xayawaanku waxay ku nool yihiin Badweynta Koonfureed, i.e. biyaha Antarctic ee agagaarka Antarctica. Laakiin xagee ku yaal qaarada Antarctica xoolaha ugu badan? Dhanka xeebaha. Waa kuwee? Buuraha Vestfold, tusaale ahaan, waa meel aan baraf lahayn oo ku taal Bariga Antarctica. Xirmooyinka maroodiga koonfureed waxay jecel yihiin inay booqdaan gobolkooda xeebta iyo Adelie penguins waxay u isticmaalaan aagga barafka ka xorta ah taranta. ah Jasiiradda Antarctic oo ku taal cidhifka Galbeedka Antarctica, si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxay hoy u tahay ilaa iyo hadda noocyada xayawaanka ugu badan ee qaaradda Antarctica.

Waxa kale oo jira jasiirado badan oo Antarctic ah iyo jasiirado ka hooseeya Antarctic oo ku wareegsan dhul-weynaha Antarctic. Kuwaas sidoo kale xilliyada qaar waxaa degan xayawaanno. Noocyada qaarkood ayaa xitaa halkaas aad ugu badan marka loo eego qaarada Antarctic lafteeda. Tusaalooyinka jasiiradaha-Antarctic-ka ee xiisaha leh waa: The Jasiiradaha Koonfurta Shetland ee Badweynta Koonfureed janno xoolaha Koonfurta Georgia iyo Koonfurta Jasiiradaha Sandwich Badweynta Atlaantigga, taasi Kerguelen jasiiradaha ee Badweynta Hindiya iyo Jasiiradaha Auckland ee Badweynta Baasifigga.

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La qabsiga nolosha Antarctica

Penguins ee Antarctica waxay la qabsadeen nolosha qabowga iyagoo adeegsanaya waxyaabo yaryar oo badan. Tusaale ahaan, waxay leeyihiin noocyo baalal leh oo gaar ah, maqaarka qaro weyn, lakabka dufanka badan, iyo caado ah inay midba midka kale ka ilaaliyaan dabaysha marka ay qabowdahay si loo yareeyo kulaylkooda. Cagaha penguins-ka ayaa si gaar ah u xiiso badan, sababtoo ah la qabsiga gaarka ah ee nidaamka xididdada dhiigga ayaa awood u siinaya penguin-ku inuu ilaaliyo heerkulka jirkooda inkastoo cago qabow. Ku baro La qabsiga Penguins ee Antarctica wax badan oo ku saabsan sababta penguins ugu baahan yihiin cagaha qabow iyo maxay tahay tabaha dabeecadda ay la timid tan.

Xirmooyinka Antarctic-ka ayaa sidoo kale si fiican ula qabsaday nolosha biyaha barafka ah. Tusaalaha ugu fiican waa shaabadda Weddell. Waxay u egtahay mid aad u buuran waxayna leedahay sabab kasta oo ay ku noqoto, sababtoo ah lakabka qaro weyn ee baruurta ayaa ah caymiska nolosheeda. Waxa loogu yeero bluber waxay leedahay saameyn adag oo dahaaran waxayna awood u siineysaa shaabadda inay ku dhex quusto biyaha qabow ee Badweynta Koonfureed. Tani waa muhiim sababtoo ah xayawaanku waxay ku nool yihiin barafka in ka badan marka loo eego barafka. Ogow maqaalka shaabadihii Antarctic, sida Weddell shaabaduhu ay u nadiifiyaan daloolada neefsashada iyo waxa gaarka ah ee caanahooda.

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Xitaa Antarctica waxaa jira dulin

Xataa Antarctica waxaa jira xayawaan ku nool qarashka martida loo yahay. Tusaale ahaan, gooryaanka wareega dulinka. Gooryaanka wareega ee weerara shaabadu waa noocyo ka duwan kuwa weerara nibiriga, tusaale ahaan. Penguins sidoo kale waxaa ku dhacay nematodes. Crustaceans, squid, iyo kalluunku waxay u adeegaan sidii dhexdhexaadiye ama martigaliyayaasha gaadiidka.

Ectoparasites sidoo kale way dhacdaa. Waxaa jira injirta xoolaha oo ku takhasusay shaabada. Cayayaankan ayaa aad u xiiso badan marka loo eego aragtida noolaha. Qaar ka mid ah noocyada suufka ayaa quusi ​​kara ilaa 600 mitir oo qoto dheer oo injirta waxay ku guulaysteen inay la qabsadaan si ay uga badbaadaan quusitaankan. Guul cajiib ah.

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Dulmarka xayawaanka Antarctica

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5 xayawaan ah oo ka mid ah Antarctica

Boqorka caadiga ah ee Penguin
Macnaha ugu fiican ee Adelie Penguin
Shabeelka dhogorta leh
Shaabada haramaha dufanka leh
Batroolka barafka cad

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Vertebrates ee Antarctica

Naasleyda badda	Shaabadda: Shaabadda Wedge, Shaabadda Leopard, Seal Crabeater, Seal Maroodiga Koonfureed, Seal Furan oo Antarctic ah nibiriga: tusaale nibiriga humpback, nibiriga fin, nibiri buluug, minke nibiri, shahwo nibiriga, orca, dhowr nooc oo dolphins
shimbiraha	Penguins: Penguin Emperor, Adelie penguin, chinstrap penguin, gentoo penguin, penguin-dahab ah (King Penguin iyo Rockhopper Penguin ee Subantarctica) Shimbiraha kale ee badda: tusaale petrels, albatrosses, skuas, terns, waxbill weji cad, nooc ka mid ah cormorant
Pisces	Qiyaastii

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Invertebrates ee Antarctica

arthropod	Tusaale ahaan qolofleyda: oo ay ku jiraan Antarctic krill Tusaale ahaan cayayaanka: oo ay ku jiraan injirta dhuuban iyo kaneecada aan baalasha lahayn ee Belgica antarctica tusaale guga
mollusks	Tusaale squid: oo ay ku jiraan squid-ka weyn tusaale mussels
echinoderms	tusaale urchins badeedka, starfish, qajaarka badda
cnidarians	tusaale ahaan jellyfish & coral
Gooryaanka	tusaale dunuubta
Isbuunyo	Tusaale ahaan isbuunyada galaaska oo ay ku jiraan isbuunyada weyn ee Anoxycalyx joubini

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Dalxiisayaashu waxay sidoo kale ka heli karaan Antarctica markab safar, tusaale ahaan on the Ruuxa Badda.
Ku baadh boqortooyada kalida ah ee qabowga leh AGE™ Hagaha Safarka Antarctic.

Tiere • Antarctic • Safarka Antarctic • Xayawaanka Antarctica

Ku raaxayso sawirka AGE™: Kala-duwanaanta noolaha ee Antarctic

(Si aad u hesho muuqaal slide ah oo nasasho leh oo qaab buuxa ah, si fudud guji mid ka mid ah sawirrada)

Tiere • Antarctic • Safarka Antarctic • Xayawaanka Antarctica

Xuquuqda daabacaadda, ogeysiisyada iyo macluumaadka isha