Imininingwane ngemuva kwesigcawu esigodlweni seqhwa semvelo iTyrol

Esiteshini sezintaba se-Hintertux Glacier, endaweni engamamitha angu-3250 ngaphezu kogu lolwandle yindawo yokugcina. Indawo yase-Austria yokushushuluza unyaka wonke itholakala lapha. Kodwa-ke, kufanele sihlehlise ukubuka kwe-panoramic okudumile kuze kube kamuva. Kuyavunguza namuhla futhi ukubonakala kunguziro. Kodwa isigodlo seqhwa semvelo siyindawo ephelele lapho kunesiphepho. Uma nje ama-gondola azinzile e-Zillertaler Gletscherbahn esebenza, uhambo lulindile.

Njengoba kungekho moya, kuma-degree Celsius angamaziro njalo futhi kufika kumamitha angama-35 ngaphansi komthambeka wokushushuluza, isigodlo seqhwa semvelo sinikeza umbono wendawo yeqhwa emnandi. Izitebhisi nezitebhisi zihola izivakashi emihubheni eneqhwa namahholo anamazinga ahlukene, ama-icicles angamamitha ubude kanye nechibi elingaphansi komhlaba elineqhwa.

• Kwabalungisa iqhwa nama-avalanche probes
• Ukutholwa kwe-Nature Ice Palace
• Ishafu yocwaningo lweqhwa ejulile

• Underground glacial lake
• Amarekhodi omhlaba ekubhukudeni kweqhwa
• Izinsika Zeqhwa Ezigobile

Kusuka kubalungisi beqhwa esindayo nama-avalanche search probes

Kodwa namuhla siqala ukuphephela esitsheni esincane, esishisayo eNatursport Tirol. Ngenkathi sisalinde isigodlo seqhwa semvelo ukuze sisivulele iminyango, sibheke phambili ezindabeni ezijabulisayo. Imininingwane ngemuva kwezigcawu kanye nesandla sokuqala.

UMnu. Erler uxhumana nabasebenzi bakhe ngomsakazo. “Kumele silungise indlela kuqala,” uyasazisa. Namuhla abafana bafike ezifubeni zabo eqhweni elisha futhi bayangena emnyango. Ngokumomotheka uyanezela: "Lelo yiqhwa leqhwa". Ngeqhwa elisha neziphepho, ukukhukhuleka kweqhwa okungamamitha ayishumi ukuphakama kungakheka ngokushesha futhi kugqibe indawo yokungena. Ukufinyelela ku-Natural Ice Palace kuvame ukugoqwa mahhala futhi nabalungisa iqhwa elisindayo. Ngezinye izikhathi ihholo lokungena kufanele liseshwe nge-avalanche probe, futhi njalo ngemva kwalokho ukuqhuma kuyadingeka ukuze kugqekezwe iqhwa.

Ukulondoloza Umgede Weqhwa kuhileleke kakhulu kunalokho ebesikucabanga. "Umhume weqhwa", kulungisa uMnu. Erler. Okufana ngandlela thize kumuntu ongelutho kuwumehluko obalulekile kuchwepheshe. Umhume weqhwa umhume wedwala lapho kuneqhwa elihlala njalo. Umgede ocwebezelayo uwumhume oseqhweni eliwuqhwa.

Ukuqondana okumangalisayo: Ukutholwa kwesigodlo seqhwa semvelo

U-Roman Erler wathola i-Natur-Eis-Palast ngo-2007 ngengozi. Lokhu kungafundwa ezihlokweni eziningi kanye nakuwebhusayithi ye-"Natursport Tirol", ibhizinisi lomndeni ka-Roman Erler. Kodwa umuntu kufanele akucabange kanjani lokhu kwaqondana? Ingabe wathatha uhambo futhi wavele wama phambi komnyango? Cha, kwakungelula phela. Njengoba isisho sakudala sisho, inhlanhla ivuna abanesibindi. Futhi kwaba kanjalo lapha, ngoba ngaphandle kwengxenye eyengeziwe yokunaka, ulwazi nokuzibophezela, isigodlo seqhwa semvelo sasingeke sitholakale.

"I-slope engunombolo. 5 endaweni yase-Hintertux Glacier ski yayiwumthambeka ophakeme kakhulu ongenayo imifantu eyaziwayo," kukhumbula uMnu. Erler. Empeleni, lokho akunangqondo. Ngenxa yokunyakaza kweqhwa, kwakufanele kube nezimfa lapho. Khona-ke, ngo-August 2007, ngokuzumayo wabona igebe 10 cm odongeni ice engakaze ibonwe ngaphambili. Abanye baphuthuma ngaphandle kokulalela, kodwa isithakazelo sakhe savuswa. “Ngithole izinto ezimbalwa ngephutha,” kuhleka u-Roman Erler.

Abantu baseZillertal bajwayelene kakhulu nezinguzunga zeqhwa. Njengomhlengi wezintaba, kuye kwadingeka ahlenge abantu emfantwini. Ngakho wabuya negiya lakhe wagibela kulo mfantu owawusanda kubonakala. Ekukhanyeni kwethoshi lakhe, igebe elingabonakali lavuleka ngokumangalisayo ngokuphana. Wawumkhulu kangakanani umgodi ongemuva kwawo? Umtholi wabe esevula i-crevasse ngomshini womoya ocindezelwe wokubopha imifantu.

Ekuqaleni futhi kwakumayelana nokuthi imidlalo yasebusika ngaphezu komhume weqhwa isaphephile yini. Ngokujwayelekile ukhipha abantu emgodini. Bekungahleliwe ekuqaleni ukuthi kuholele abantu kulo mgede oyisiqhwa.

Ishafu yocwaningo lweqhwa ejulile emhlabeni

U-Roman Erler akagcinanga nje ngokuthola futhi wavula isigodlo seqhwa semvelo, futhi washayela umgodi wokucwaninga ngezinguzunga ojulile emhlabeni kuze kube manje ungene e-Hintertux Glacier. Ngokwami ​​nangaphezulu kweminyaka eminingana. U-Roman Erler ubhole ngaphambili yonke imilimitha. "Ngomshini wokwakha ongu-12mm 80cm," esho, amehlo akhe ecwebezela. "Futhi bekuyinto enhle leyo." Ngesinye isikhathi, ngenkathi e-drill, wavele wehla nge-drill bit. Wayebhoboze imbobo ngamanzi kanye nomoya ocindezelekile. Yashosholoza kwase kuqhuma isiphethu samanzi ayiqhwa ukuphakama imitha sibheke kuwo.

Ngemva kwalokho umphini wawungaphansi kwamanzi. Kwathatha isikhashana ngaphambi kokuthi imponthwe ingenalutho futhi, kodwa yasebenza. Amaphaseji abengaziwa ngaphambili nagcwele amanzi aphuma kushaft nawo akhishwa amanzi. Akuthintwa futhi indawo ethokozisayo yocwaningo. Umvuzo uwukuqonda okusha ngesakhiwo namandla e-glacier. Namuhla umgodi wokucwaninga ufinyelela phansi phansi. Ingamamitha angama-52 ukushona futhi iqala cishe ngamamitha angama-20 ngaphansi komhlaba. Ishafi lizungeze amamitha angu-3 ububanzi ezindaweni ezingaphezulu futhi lizungeze imitha elilodwa ububanzi ngezansi. Abavakashi bangakwazi futhi ukubheka ngaphakathi ngesikhathi sokuvakasha okuqondisiwe kwe-Natural Ice Palace.

Isenzo sezemidlalo: NgoZibandlela wezi-2019, uChristian Redl wase-Austrian waqopha irekhodi lomhlaba elisha lokucwila emanzini ngokukhululeka kulo shaft. Emanzini eqhwa angaphansi kuka-0,6 °C futhi endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha angu-3200, wacwila ngamamitha angu-23 ngokuphefumula okukodwa nje.

Ichibi elingaphansi komhlaba

Ichibi eliyisiqhwa eSigodlweni Se-Natural Ice lingamamitha angama-50 ubude futhi lifinyelela kumamitha angama-22 ukujula. Izinqubo eziningi zokuphatha zazidingeka ngaphambi kokuba uhambo lwesikebhe lwezivakashi lugunyazwe. Ichibi limaphakathi neqhwa, elizungeze amamitha angu-30 ngaphansi komthambeka wokushushuluza, lizungezwe yiqhwa. "Mhlawumbe ungacabanga ukuthi kwakwenzekani lapho," kusho u-Roman Erler, futhi isasasa lomsebenzi wakhe libhalwe ebusweni bakhe.

Amanzi acwebile. Kuye ngesigameko sokukhanya, kubukeka kumnyama noma kuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Umhubhe weqhwa welula ngaphezu kwawo. Ukuzindla kanye namaqiniso kuhlangana cishe ngaphandle komthungo. Enhle. Iyingqayizivele. Kuyathakazelisa. Kodwa uqinisekile? Sifuna ukwazi okwengeziwe futhi sibuze: “Ingabe ukuphakama kwechibi kuyashintsha ngenxa yemvula noma amanzi ancibilikayo?” “Kungaba yingozi ke?” UMnu. Erler angasehlisa. Kukhona ukuchichima.

Kodwa leli chibi elingavamile laba khona kanjani? Sesifundile ukuthi i-Hintertux Glacier iyiqhwa elibandayo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi izinga lokushisa layo eqhweni elingaphansi kweqhwa lingaphansi kwama-degree Celsius angu-zero kangangokuthi awasekho amanzi awuketshezi lapho. Ngakho-ke i-glacier floor yalolu hlobo lweqhwa ayinamanzi. Amanzi aluketshezi aqoqana emifantwini engaphezu kwale ndawo. Lakhiwa kanje leli chibi eliyisiqhwa.

Nokho, lapho itholakala, lo msele wawungaphansi kwamanzi ngokuphelele. Iqembu lika-Roman Erler liphule ingxenye yeqhwa futhi ladala ukuchichima. Lokhu kulawule izinga lamanzi. Manje izivakashi zingamangala echibini eliwuqhwa esikebheni senjoloba noma ngenkathi zigwedla i-stand-up. Ngaphandle kwalokho, izimvume zokutshuza emanzini nazo ziyakhishwa, kusho u-Roman Erler. Ngesonto eledlule, abatshuzi bomnyango wezicishamlilo bebesechibini leqhwa.

Amarekhodi omhlaba ekubhukudeni kweqhwa

Nakuba i-scuba diving isalokhu ihlukile, ababhukudi beqhwa cishe bawumthetho e-Natural Ice Palace. “Kunzima ukukholelwa ukuthi bangaki ababhukudi eqhweni,” kukhumbula uMnu. Erler. Manje useyazi kangcono kunabo bonke.

Ngo-2021, uJosef Köberl wabhukuda amakhilomitha angu-1,5 ngemizuzu engama-38 echibini eliwuqhwa eNatur-Eis-Palast. Ngaphambi nje kwe-ice mile ababelifuna (cishe amamitha angu-1609), nokho, u-Josef Köberl kwadingeka agqashule ukuze agweme i-hypothermia esongela ukuphila. Noma kunjalo, impumelelo evelele. NgoZibandlela wezi-2022 wabe esedlulwa umbhukudi eqhweni wasePoland u-Krzysztof Gajewski, owaqopha umlando omusha futhi ongajwayelekile wokubhukuda eqhweni e-Natur-Eis-Palast: I-Pole yafinyelela imayela leqhwa ngemva kwemizuzu engama-32 yabe isibhukuda nangaphezulu. Sekukonke, wabhukuda imizuzu engama-43 e-Hintertux Glacier futhi wahlanganisa ibanga elingamakhilomitha ama-2.

Izinsika Zeqhwa Ezigobile

Esinye isenzakalo esijabulisayo izivakashi ezivakashela e-Natural Ice Palace ezingasithola eduze namuhla indlela iqhwa elisabela ngayo ekucindezelweni. Iqhwa libonakala lingazinzile futhi lintekenteke kithi. Uma ucindezela iqhwa, lizophuka, akunjalo? Ohambweni lwe-Natural Ice Palace uzobona ukuthi lokhu kucabanga akulungile.

I-Hintertux Glacier ayimile. Kodwa konke okwenzekayo kwenzeka ngohlobo lokuhamba kancane ngokwedlulele. Futhi kulokhu, iqhwa aliphenduli ekucindezelweni okuvela phezulu ngokuphuka, kodwa ngokukhubazeka. Izithombe zeqhwa ezimangalisayo ziwumphumela. Izinsika zeqhwa ezigobile, amaqhwa akhubazekile kanye nemisebenzi yobuciko yeqhwa esontekile evela ezandleni zikaMaster Nature ngokwakhe. Ngena futhi umangale isiqubulo. “Sinesabelo sokucwaninga kanye nesabelo sokufundisa,” kusho uRoman Erler. Futhi ungabona ukuthi ukubheka njengento ebalulekile kokubili.

Ibanga elingaphezu kwekhilomitha lemizila engaphansi komhlaba yomhume weqhwa manje isikaliwe futhi yabhalwa phansi. Amamitha angu-640 awo afinyeleleka kubavakashi. Kusukela ngo-2017, i-Jubilee Hall ebizwa ngokuthi i-Jubilee Hall nayo ivuliwe kubavakashi. Lokhu kuhlotshiswe ngokucebile ikakhulukazi ngama-icicles angamamitha ubude kanye nezakhiwo zeqhwa eziphakeme kusilingi. Iphupho leqhwa!

Ngemuva kwawo kunamanye amagumbi amabili angakavulelwa umphakathi. Njengamanje zisetshenziselwa ucwaningo kuphela. Lapho sibuza ukuthi ingabe umhume weqhwa wawusuhlolisiswe ngokugcwele yini ngaleso sikhathi, u-Roman Erler waphendula ngo-"cha". Imigodi eminingi iyaziwa kodwa okwamanje ayikahlolisiswa. Ziningi izimanga ezisalele e-Natural Ice Palace namuhla.

Ingabe ukufudumala komhlaba kuyinkinga?

Sikhathazekile, kodwa u-Roman Erler uphendula ngomoya ophansi: "Alikho iqhwa elincane lapha kunaseNkathini Yeqhwa". Isazi seqhwa senhliziyo siqhakaza ngokuzenzakalelayo sibe isazi-mlando sokuzilibazisa futhi sifunda ukuthi kukhona okufakiwe okuningi okujabulisayo mayelana ne-Little Ice Age esigodini nasezincwadini zesonto. Ngaleso sikhathi, ukukhathazeka kwezakhamuzi kwakuhluke kakhulu. Izinguzunga zeqhwa zathuthuka. Lakhithika ehlobo. Izinkomo zazingaqhutshelwa emadlelweni zafa. Kwakukhona indlala.

Kusukela lapho, isimo sezulu sesishintshile futhi. Njengamanje sekuqala ukufudumala eTyrol futhi izinguquko zokuqala ziyabonakala esigodini. Kodwa futhi kunezindaba ezinhle: “EZillertal kunezinguzunga zeqhwa ezimbili ezilengayo ezithuthuka kancane,” kusho uRoman Erler. Ngokumelene nokuthambekela, okubonisa ukuncibilika ngokuphelele kwezinguzunga zeqhwa.

Ngenxa yokuphakama okungafika kumamitha angu-3250, izinto okwamanje zibukeka zizinhle nge-Hintertux Glacier. Kodwa alikho yini iqhwa elincane lapha ngenxa yobusika obupholile? “Ngokuphambene nalokho,” kuchaza uchwepheshe. Ubusika obuncane busho imvula eyengeziwe, ngakho iqhwa eliningi ezindaweni eziphakeme kakhulu. Nokho, ihlobo elishisayo linomphumela omubi. "Into engcono kakhulu yeqhwa kungaba ubusika obupholile kanye nehlobo elipholile," kuchaza u-Roman Erler.

Ngaphezu kokuphakama kwayo, i-Hintertux Glacier inenye inzuzo ngaphezu kwezinye izinguzunga zeqhwa eziningi ezisezintabeni ze-Alps. Iqhwa elibandayo futhi lolu hlobo lweqhwa aluzweli kakhulu ekushintsheni kwesimo sezulu, kunezinguzunga zeqhwa.Isigodlo seqhwa semvelo kanye nezimangaliso zayo ezincane nezinkulu zizohlala nathi isikhathi eside.

Buyela ekubukeni konke

Iminyaka ye-Hintertux Glacier

Manje siyazi ukuthi i-Hintertux Glacier ngeke ibe yinto yesikhathi esidlule isikhathi eside. Kodwa kusukela nini ikhona? Iqhwa e-Hintertux lisuka ku-Little Ice Age futhi lineminyaka engaba ngu-500 kuya ku-600 ubudala. Kodwa lezi yizingqimba zeqhwa manje esezansi kakhulu ngasesigodini.

Siyakhumbula ukuthi ingxenye engenhla ye-Hintertux Glacier ihamba kancane kakhulu. Isisekelo siqandisiwe. Ngakho-ke, isisekelo kufanele sibe sidala kakhulu kuneqhwa elisezingeni eliphezulu, eligcina liqhubekele phambili ezindaweni ezinezintaba eziphansi. "Iqhwa elidala kunawo wonke elakhiwe ngokwesayensi e-Eastern Alps lineminyaka engu-5800 ubudala," uMnu. Erler uyasazisa.

Kodwa lingakanani iqhwa eSigodlweni Seqhwa Semvelo? Zingakanani izingqimba eziphansi kakhulu kushafti yocwaningo ejulile engamamitha angama-52? Bangase babe badala. Elinye irekhodi? Mhlawumbe. Kodwa okwamanje kufanele sibekezele ukuze sithole impendulo ehambisanayo. “Ukuqomisana kusavuliwe,” kuchaza uRoman Erler ngokuqiniseka. Imiphumela yesikhathi esizayo evela kubacwaningi isazobonakala. Kuhlala kujabulisa.