Kuwunikira kuseri kwazithunzi mu nyumba yachifumu ya ayezi yotchedwa Tyrol

Pa mapiri a Hintertux Glacier, pamtunda wa mamita 3250 pamwamba pa nyanja ndi malo omaliza. Dera la ski ku Austria la chaka chonse lili pano. Komabe, tiyenera kuchedwetsa mawonekedwe otchuka a panoramic mpaka mtsogolo. Kuli mkuntho lero ndipo kuwoneka kwa ziro. Koma nyumba ya ayezi yachilengedwe imakhalanso malo abwino kwambiri panthawi yamphepo yamkuntho. Malingana ngati ma gondola okhazikika a Zillertaler Gletscherbahn akugwira ntchito, ulendo ukuyembekezera.

Popanda mphepo, paziro zero digiri Celsius nthawi zonse komanso mpaka mamita 35 pansi pa malo otsetsereka, nyumba yachifumu ya ayezi yachilengedwe imapereka chithunzithunzi cha malo oundana osangalatsa. Masitepe ndi makwerero amatsogolera alendo kudutsa m'makonde oundana ndi maholo omwe ali ndi magawo osiyanasiyana, mikwingwirima yautali wa mita ndi nyanja yamadzi oundana.

• Za okonza chipale chofewa ndi ma avalanche probes
• Kupezeka kwa Nature Ice Palace
• Mtsinje wozama kwambiri wa glacier

• Underground glacial lake
• Mbiri yapadziko lonse mu kusambira ayezi
• Zipilala za Ice Zopindika

Kuchokera kwa okonza chipale chofewa kwambiri ndi kufufuza kwachipale chofewa

Koma lero timathawira koyamba mumtsuko wawung'ono, wotenthedwa ku Natursport Tirol. Pamene tikudikira kuti nyumba yachifumu ya ayezi yachilengedwe ititsegulire zitseko zake, tikuyembekezera mwachidwi nkhani zosangalatsa. Zidziwitso kuseri kwa zochitika ndi dzanja loyamba.

Bambo Erler akukumana ndi antchito awo kudzera pawailesi. "Tiyenera kukonza njira kaye," akutiuza. Masiku ano anyamatawo ali pachifuwa pa chipale chofewa ndipo akupita pakhomo. Ndi kumwetulira akuwonjezera kuti: "Icho ndi chipale chofewa". Ndi chipale chofewa chatsopano ndi mkuntho, mafunde a chipale chofewa mamita khumi amatha kupanga mofulumira ndikukwirira pakhomo. Kufikira ku Natural Ice Palace nthawi zambiri kumapangidwanso kwaulere ndi okonza chipale chofewa. Nthawi zina holo yolowera imayenera kufufuzidwa ndi kafukufuku wa avalanche ndipo nthawi ndi nthawi kuphulika kumakhala kofunikira kuti mudutse chisanu.

Kusunga Phanga la Ice kumakhudzidwa kwambiri kuposa momwe timaganizira. "Glacier phanga", akuwongolera Bambo Erler. Zomwe zili mwanjira yomweyo kwa wamba ndizosiyana kofunikira kwa katswiri. Phanga la ayezi ndi phanga la miyala momwe muli ayezi wokhazikika. Phanga la glacial ndi phanga mu glacial ice.

Zinangochitika modabwitsa: Kupezeka kwa nyumba ya ayisi yachilengedwe

Roman Erler adapeza Natur-Eis-Palast mu 2007 mwangozi. Izi zitha kuwerengedwa m'nkhani zambiri komanso patsamba la "Natursport Tirol", bizinesi yabanja la Roman Erler. Koma kodi munthu ayenera kulingalira bwanji izi mwangozi? Kodi anapita kokayenda ndipo mwadzidzidzi anaima kutsogolo kwa khomo? Ayi, sizinali zophweka pamenepo. Monga mwambi wakale umati, mwayi umakonda olimba mtima. Ndipo ndi momwe zinalili pano, chifukwa popanda gawo lowonjezera la chidwi, chidziwitso ndi kudzipereka, nyumba yachifumu ya ayezi yachilengedwe sikanapezeka.

"Otsetsereka nambala. 5 m'dera la Hintertux Glacier skier anali otsetsereka kwambiri opanda ming'alu yodziwika," akukumbukira Bambo Erler. Kunena zoona, zimenezo n’zosamveka. Chifukwa cha kukwera kwa madzi oundana, payenera kukhala mikwingwirima pamenepo. Kenaka, mu August 2007, mwadzidzidzi adawona kusiyana kwa masentimita 10 mu khoma la ayezi lomwe linali lisanawonekere. Ena anadutsa mothamanga popanda kulabadira, koma chidwi chake chinakula. "Ndapeza zinthu zingapo mwangozi," akuseka Roman Erler.

Anthu a ku Zillertal amadziwa bwino madzi oundana. Monga mpulumutsi wa mapiri, anafunikanso kupulumutsa anthu m’phanga. Choncho anabwerera ndi zida zake n’kukwera pamphambano wongooneka kumenewo. Kuwala kwa tochi yake, kusiyana kosawoneka bwino kunatseguka modabwitsa mowolowa manja. Kodi bowo lakumbuyo kwake linali lalikulu bwanji? Kenako wotulukirayo anatsegula mpatawo ndi kachipangizo ka mpweya kamene kamamangira ming’alu.

Poyamba zinalinso ngati masewera a m'nyengo yozizira pamwamba pa phanga la glacier akadali otetezeka. Nthawi zambiri mumakoka anthu pamphambano. Poyamba sizinakonzedwe kuti zitsogolere anthu kuphanga la madzi oundanali.

Mtsinje wozama kwambiri wa glacier padziko lapansi

Roman Erler sanangopeza ndikutsegula nyumba yachifumu ya ayezi, adayendetsanso malo ozama kwambiri ofufuza zamadzi oundana padziko lapansi mpaka pano mu Hintertux Glacier. Panokha komanso zaka zingapo. Roman Erler adabowola millimeter iliyonse. "Ndi kubowola kwa 12mm 80cm," akutero, maso ake akuwala. Ndipo chimenecho chinali chinthu chabwino. Anakumba dzenje ndi madzi ndi mpweya woumitsidwa. Inachita mluzu kenako kasupe wa madzi oundana otalika mita anawombera molunjika.

Pambuyo pake mtengowo unali pansi pa madzi. Zinatenga nthawi kuti zipopedwenso zopanda kanthu, koma zinagwira ntchito. Makonde omwe kale anali osadziwika komanso odzaza ndi madzi omwe amachoka ku shaft adatsanulidwanso. Osakhudzidwa komanso malo osangalatsa ofufuza. Mphotho yake ndi kuzindikira kwatsopano m'mapangidwe ndi mphamvu za madzi oundana. Masiku ano shaft yofufuzira ikufika pansi. Kuzama kwake ndi mamita 52 ndipo kumayambira pafupifupi mamita 20 kuchokera pansi. Mtsinjewo ndi wozungulira 3 mita m'lifupi kumtunda ndi kuzungulira mita imodzi m'mimba mwake pansi. Alendo amathanso kuyang'ana mkati paulendo wowongolera wa Natural Ice Palace.

Ntchito yamasewera: Mu Disembala 2019, Christian Redl waku Austria adapanga mbiri yatsopano padziko lonse lapansi pakudumphadumpha mu shaft iyi. M'madzi oundana osakwana 0,6 ° C komanso pamalo okwera mamita 3200, adamira mozama mamita 23 ndi mpweya umodzi wokha.

Nyanja yamadzi oundana

Nyanja ya glacial mu Natural Ice Palace ndi yozungulira 50 metres kutalika ndi 22 mita kuya. Njira zambiri zoyendetsera ntchito zinali zofunika ulendo wa boti kwa alendo odzaona malo usanavomerezedwe. Nyanjayi ili pakati pa madzi oundana, pafupifupi mamita 30 pansi pa malo otsetsereka, ozunguliridwa ndi ayezi. "Mwina mukhoza kulingalira zomwe zinkachitika kumeneko," akutero Roman Erler, ndipo chidwi cha polojekiti yake chinalembedwa pa nkhope yake.

Madziwo ndi abwino kwambiri. Malingana ndi kuchuluka kwa kuwala, kumawoneka mdima kapena buluu wa turquoise. Pamwamba pake pali ayezi. Kulingalira ndi zenizeni zimaphatikizana mopanda msoko. Wokongola. Wapadera. Zosangalatsa. Koma mukutsimikiza? Tikufuna kudziwa zambiri ndikufunsa kuti: “Kodi kutalika kwa nyanjayi kumasintha chifukwa cha mvula kapena madzi osungunuka?” “Kodi pamenepo zingakhale zoopsa?” A Erler angatitsimikizire. Pali kusefukira.

Koma kodi nyanja yachilendo imeneyi inakhalako bwanji? Taphunzira kale kuti Hintertux Glacier ndi madzi oundana ozizira. Izi zikutanthauza kuti kutentha kwake kwa ayezi pansi pa madzi oundana kumakhala pansi pa madigiri serosi zero kotero kuti mulibenso madzi amadzimadzi pamenepo. Chifukwa chake, pansi pa madzi oundana a mtundu uwu wa madzi oundana mulibe madzi. Madzi amadzimadzi amasonkhana m'ming'alu pamwamba pa malowa. Umu ndi momwe nyanja yamadzi oundanayi inapangidwira.

Komabe, atatulukira, ngalandeyo inali pansi pa madzi. Gulu la Roman Erler linathyola mbali ina ya ayezi ndikupanga kusefukira. Izi zawongolera kuchuluka kwa madzi. Tsopano alendo amatha kuchita chidwi ndi nyanja ya glacial ali m'ngalawa ya rabala kapena akupalasa moyimirira. Kupatulapo, zilolezo zosambira pansi pamadzi zimaperekedwanso, akutero Roman Erler. Sabata yatha, osambira ochokera ku dipatimenti yozimitsa moto anali panyanja ya glacial.

Mbiri yapadziko lonse mu kusambira ayezi

Ngakhale kuti scuba diving ndi yachilendo, osambira pa ayezi ali pafupifupi lamulo mu Natural Ice Palace. “N’zovuta kukhulupirira kuti pali anthu angati osambira m’madzi oundana,” akukumbukira motero Bambo Erler. Tsopano akudziwa zabwino koposa.

Mu 2021, Josef Köberl anasambira makilomita 1,5 m'mphindi 38 mu nyanja yamchere ya Natur-Eis-Palast. Komabe, atangotsala pang'ono kufika pamtunda wa ayezi (pafupifupi mamita 1609), Josef Köberl ananyamuka kuti apewe kuopsa kwa hypothermia. Komabe, kupambana kwakukulu. Mu Disembala 2022 adadutsa wosambira wa ayezi waku Poland Krzysztof Gajewski, yemwe adalemba mbiri yatsopano komanso yodabwitsa padziko lonse lapansi pakusambira ayezi ku Natur-Eis-Palast: The Pole idafika pamadzi oundana pambuyo pa mphindi 32 kenako kusambira mopitilira apo. Onse anasambira kwa mphindi 43 mu Hintertux Glacier ndipo anayenda mtunda wa makilomita 2.

Zipilala za Ice Zopindika

Chochitika china chosangalatsa chomwe alendo obwera ku Natural Ice Palace angakumane nacho pafupi lero ndi momwe ayezi amachitira akakakamizidwa. Madzi oundana amawoneka osakhazikika komanso osalimba kwa ife. Ngati muyika chitseko pa icicle, imasweka, sichoncho? Paulendo wa Natural Ice Palace mudzawona kuti lingaliro ili ndilolakwika.

Hintertux Glacier siimakhazikika. Koma zonse zomwe zimachitika zimachitika pang'onopang'ono kwambiri. Ndipo pamenepa, madzi oundana samachita ndi kukakamizidwa kochokera pamwamba posweka, koma ndi kupunduka. Zithunzi zochititsa chidwi za ayezi ndizo zotsatira zake. Zipilala zokhotakhota za ayezi, zopindika zopindika ndi zojambula za ayezi zopindika kuchokera m'manja mwa Master Nature mwiniwake. Lowani ndikudabwa ndi mawuwo. “Tili ndi ntchito yofufuza ndi ntchito yophunzitsa,” akutero Roman Erler. Ndipo mungadziwe kuti iye amaona zonse ziwiri kukhala zofunika kwambiri.

Kupitilira kilomita imodzi ya njira za pansi pa nthaka za phanga la madzi oundana tsopano ayesedwa ndi kulembedwa. Mamita 640 ake ndi ofikira alendo. Kuyambira 2017, nyumba yotchedwa Jubilee Hall yakhala yotseguka kwa alendo. Izi zimakongoletsedwa kwambiri ndi ma icicles aatali a mita komanso mapangidwe a ayezi okwera padenga. Maloto a ayezi!

Kumbuyo kwake kuli zipinda zina ziwiri zomwe sizinatsegulidwebe anthu onse. Panopa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofufuza okha. Titafunsa ngati phanga la madzi oundana lafufuzidwa bwino pakadali pano, Roman Erler anayankha mokweza kuti "ayi". Mabowo ochulukirapo akudziwika koma sanafufuzidwe. Zodabwitsa zambiri zikadali kugona mu Natural Ice Palace lero.

Kodi kutentha kwa dziko ndi vuto?

Tili ndi nkhawa, koma Roman Erler amayankha modekha: "Palibe ayezi pang'ono pano kuposa mu Ice Age". Katswiri wa glaciologist wamagazi amtima amaphuka yekha kukhala wolemba mbiri yakale ndipo timaphunzira kuti pali zolemba zambiri zosangalatsa za Little Ice Age m'mudzi ndi mbiri yakale. Pa nthawiyo nkhawa za anthu okhala kumeneko zinali zosiyana kwambiri. Madzi oundana apita patsogolo. Kunagwa chipale chofewa m’chilimwe. Ng'ombe sizikanatha kuthamangitsidwa kubusa ndipo zinafa. Kunali njala.

Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, nyengo yasinthanso. Pakali pano kukutentha ku Tyrol ndipo zosintha zoyambirira zikuwonekera pachigwachi. Koma palinso nkhani yabwino: "Ku Zillertal kuli madzi oundana awiri omwe akupita patsogolo pang'ono," akutero Roman Erler. Potsutsana ndi zomwe zikuchitika, zomwe zikuwonetsa kusungunuka kwathunthu kwa madzi oundana.

Chifukwa cha kutalika kwa 3250 metres, zinthu pakali pano zikuwoneka bwino kwa Hintertux Glacier. Koma kodi kulibe chipale chofewa pano chifukwa cha nyengo yachisanu? “M’malo mwake,” akufotokoza motero katswiriyo. M'nyengo yozizira pang'ono, mvula imapangitsa kuti kukhale mvula yambiri, kotero kuti matalala ambiri amakhala okwera kwambiri. Komabe, chilimwe chotentha chimakhala ndi zotsatira zoyipa. Roman Erler anafotokoza kuti: “Chinthu chabwino kwambiri pa malo oundana oundana ndi nyengo yachisanu komanso yotentha kwambiri.

Kuwonjezera pa kutalika kwake, Hintertux Glacier ili ndi ubwino wina kuposa madzi oundana ambiri ku Alps. Ndi madzi ozizira oundana ndipo mtundu uwu wa madzi oundana sungamve bwino kusintha kwa nyengo, kuposa madzi oundana.Nyumba yosungiramo madzi oundana ndi zodabwitsa zake zazing'ono ndi zazikulu zidzakhala ndi ife kwa nthawi ndithu.

Bwererani kuchidule

Zaka za Hintertux Glacier

Tsopano tikudziwa kuti Hintertux Glacier sikhala chinthu chakale kwa nthawi yayitali. Koma kuyambira liti? Madzi oundana ku Hintertux adachokera ku Little Ice Age ndipo ali pafupi zaka 500 mpaka 600. Koma awa ndi zigawo za ayezi zomwe tsopano zatsikira ku chigwacho.

Timakumbukira kuti kumtunda kwa Hintertux Glacier kumayenda pang'onopang'ono. Pansi pake ndi chisanu. Chifukwa chake, mazikowo ayenera kukhala akale kwambiri kuposa ayezi omwe ali pamwamba pake, omwe amapita kumapiri otsika. A Erler akutiuza kuti: “Chipale chakale kwambiri chodziwika ndi sayansi ku Eastern Alps ndi zaka 5800.

Koma kodi ayezi mu Natural Ice Palace ali ndi zaka zingati? Kodi zigawo zotsika kwambiri mu shaft yakuzama ya mita 52 ndi zaka zingati? Akhozanso kukhala achikulire. Mbiri ina? Mwina. Koma pakadali pano tiyenera kukhala oleza mtima kuti tipeze yankho lofanana. “Chibwenzi chidakali chotseguka,” akufotokoza motero Roman Erler motsimikiza. Zotsatira zamtsogolo kuchokera kwa ochita kafukufuku zikuwonekerabe. Zimakhalabe zosangalatsa.