Nyaya yeguta reNabataea rePetra muJorodhani

Jordan • World Heritage Petra • Nhoroondo yePetra • Petra mapa • Kutarisa Petra • Makuva ematombo Petra

Mabviro nemavambo

VaNabataea vaibva mukati meArabia. Humambo hweNabataea hwaive hushe hwekutanga hweArabhu munhoroondo. Zvishoma zvinozivikanwa nezvekwakabva vanhu ava uye kune dzidziso dzakasiyana. Ivo vangangodaro vakagara muzana ramakore rechitanhatu BC. Iyo nharaunda yakatenderedza Petra uye yakadzinga dzinza iro raimbogara imomo. Pakutanga vaigara sememi-semads nematende muPetras Valley yakachengetedzwa. Yekutanga nhoroondo yakanyorwa pamusoro pevaNabbean haina kuwanikwa kusvika muna 6 BC. Munhoroondo yechiGiriki.

Kusimuka kune bhizimusi metropolis

Guta rine chikwereti pakukwira kwaro mukukosha kwaro senzvimbo yekutengesa. Kwemakore mazana masere - kubva muzana ramakore rechishanu BC BC kusvika muzana ramakore rechitatu AD - iro guta rekare raive nzvimbo yakakosha yevatengesi. Petra yakawanikwa zvine hunyanzvi uye ikava nzvimbo yekumira yakakurumbira munzira dzinoverengeka dzekaravhani. Vatengesi vakafamba pakati peEgypt neSyria kana kubva kumaodzanyemba kweArabia kuenda kuMediterranean. Migwagwa yese yakatungamira kupfuura Petra. Dunhu reNabatean rinoonekwa semugwagwa pakati peWeihrauchstrasse neKönigsweg. Guta rakava nzvimbo yepakati yekutengesa yezvinhu zvoumbozha senge zvinonhuwira, mura nezvinonhuwira uye zvakauya kutanga sezana ramakore rechina BC. Kubudirira kwakati.

Kuedzwa

Muzana ramakore rechitatu BC VaNabataea vakakwanisa kudzosera kurwiswa kwaPetra. Mumwe wevatsivi vaAlexander Mukuru akaedza kutora guta, iro rakanga rave kuzivikanwa nehupfumi hwaro. Mauto ake akakwanisa kupamba guta, asi akabatwa uye akakundwa nemaNabataea munzira yekudzokera murenje.

Zuva guru rePetra

Muzana ramakore rechipiri BC Mu BC Petra yakatanga kubva kunzvimbo yekutengesa inofamba-famba kuenda kunzvimbo yekugara zvachose uye ikava guta guru revaNabatean. Zvigadziriso zvakagadziriswa, izvo mumakore zvaifungidzira kukura kwakakura. Makore zana nemakumi mashanu BC Chr hushe hweNabataea hwakawedzera simba rayo kwakanangana neSyria. Mumakore makumi masere ezana ramakore rekutanga BC VaNabataea vakatonga pasi paMambo Aretas III. Dhamasiko. Petra akabudirirawo panguva yemuchato uyu weNabatean nhoroondo. Mazhinji emakuva ematombo eguta akavakwa mukupera kwezana ramakore rekutanga BC. BC uye mukutanga kwezana ramakore rekutanga AD

Kutanga kwemagumo

Muzana ramakore rekutanga BC VaNabataea vakatsigira mugari wenhaka wechigaro cheJudhiya ndokuendesa mukoma wake kuJerusarema, uko kwavakamukomba. VaRoma vakapedza kukomba uku. Vakakumbira mambo wemaNabataea kuti abve ipapo, zvikasadaro aizonzi muvengi weRoma. 1 BC Ipapo Petra aifanira kuzviisa pabasa reRoma. VaNabataea vakava vatongi veRoma. Zvakangodaro, Mambo Aretas akakwanisa kuchengetedza humambo hwake kwenguva iripo uye Petra akaramba akazvimirira kwenguva iripo. Munguva yehupenyu hwaKristu, iro dombo guta rinogona kunge raive nevanhu vangangosvika zviuru makumi maviri kusvika makumi matatu.

Mukutonga kwevaRoma

MaRoma achiwedzera kutsausa nzira dzekare dzekutengesa, zvekuti guta rakarasikirwa zvakanyanya uye rakabirwa sosi yehupfumi hwaro. Mambo wekupedzisira weNabataea akazopedzisira aramba Petra zita rekuti capital uye akariendesa kuBostra mune yava kunzi Syria. Muna AD 106, Petra akazoverengerwa muhushe hweRoma uye kubvira ipapo akamhanya sedunhu reRoma reArabhiya Petraea. Kunyangwe Petra akange arasa simba nehupfumi, zvakaramba zvakagadziriswa. Guta rakasangana nehurefu hwechipiri sekabhishopi uye guta guru redunhu reRoma. Masara eanoverengeka anopupurira izvi Machechi eRock City kubva kumagumo ekare, iyo inogona kuwanikwa mumupata wePetra.

Vakasiiwa, vakanganikwa uye vakawanikwazve

Kudengenyeka kwenyika kukuru kwakaparadza zvimwe zvivakwa mudombo reguta rePetra. Kunyanya, kwakave nekuparadzwa kwakanyanya muna AD 363. Petra akasiiwa zvishoma nezvishoma uye akangoshanyirwa neBedouins kwekuzorora pfupi. Ipapo guta rakakanganikwa. Aingova makore mazana mana apfuura apo dzinza reBadoul rakadzokera zvachose mumapako ePetras. KuEurope, guta rakarasika harina kuzowanikwa zvekare kusvika muna 400, kusvikira panguva iyoyo paingova nerunyerekupe nezveguta redombo kubva kuMiddle East. Muna 1812 Petra yakave UNESCO World Heritage Saiti.

Kuchera matongo

Kuchera kwave kuitika muPetra kubvira kutanga kwezana ramakumi maviri uye nzvimbo yakavhurwa kushanya. Vazhinji vebodoul avo vaive vachiri kugara mumapako imomo vakatamiswa nechisimba. Kumucheto kwePetra kuchine mapako anogarwa nanhasi. Zvichakadaro, vanochera matongo vakawana dzakatenderedza chiuru zvivakwa nematongo pamusoro penzvimbo yemakumi maviri emakiromita. Inofungidzirwa kuti ingangoita makumi maviri muzana muzana yeguta rekare rakafukunurwa. Kutsvaga kunoenderera: Munguva yekuchera mu20, vaongorori vakawana rechipiri pasi peyaizivikanwa Treasury Al Khazneh. Muna 2011 nzvimbo yekugezera yakawanikwa pamusoro pegomo refu kwazvo muguta. Muna 2016, mumwe wezvokuchera matenga akawana matemberi ekare kubva muna 200 BC. Ne satellite satellite. Zvichava zvinonakidza kuona apo nyaya yaPetra ichawedzerwa nemamwe maganhuro.

Jordan • World Heritage Petra • Nhoroondo yePetra • Petra mapa • Kutarisa Petra • Makuva ematombo Petra